COMERG Journal

Blog

Insights on low-pressure botanical extraction

Calendula

[comerg_calendula]

COMERG • Calendula extraction

Calendula Marigold

Calendula officinalis L.

Turn calendula flowers into a soothing, skin-loving cosmetic extract with COMERG equipment. Our cold, room-temperature, low-pressure process captures the calming terpenoids and golden carotenoids of the pot marigold, the compounds skincare formulators reach for, with no heat to degrade them.

Technical reply in 48h Free yield review Worldwide shipping
Skin-soothing extract

The flower

The golden healer of the garden

Calendula, the pot marigold, has been a skin-soothing remedy in Europe since the twelfth century. Its bright orange petals are rich in calming terpenoids like bisabolol and the faradiol family, plus the carotenoids that give the flower, and the extract, their warm golden-orange colour.

We work with dried calendula flowers, milled and processed cold so those gentle, skin-friendly compounds survive. Nothing is added, and the soothing, antioxidant character of the bloom carries straight into the extract. This is true Calendula officinalis, the pot marigold, not the unrelated Tagetes.

Raw material

Botanical nameCalendula officinalis L.
FamilyAsteraceae
Plant partFlowers
ConditionDried, ground
OriginBulgaria
AvailabilityAll year

The extract

What the process delivers

Run on COMERG equipment, calendula flowers yield a rich, standardised cosmetic extract, batch after batch. Because the extraction is cold and solvent-light, with no high heat, the soothing terpenoids and the golden carotenoid colour carry straight through. The figures below are typical of a standardised BMar-15.1 grade.

≥15%Volatile oil v/w
8.3%a-Bisabolone oxide
10.32DPPH IC50 mg/ml
<25 °CExtraction temp
~120 kgFlowers per kg extract
<0.1 g/kgSolvent residue

The method

Cold extraction, in three steps

No heat, no leftover solvent. This is what happens inside a COMERG aerosol system, and why the extract keeps the soothing actives and the warm colour of the flower.

1

Pressurised R134a flooding

Non-toxic liquefied R134a gas is introduced to the milled calendula flowers at controlled, low pressure. There is no heat, the cycle begins and stays at room temperature.

2

Selective compound dissolution

The liquid gas gently dissolves the soothing terpenoids, the carotenoids and the lipophilic actives, while the delicate, skin-friendly molecules stay intact.

3

Recovery and pure extract

The R134a is fully recovered and recycled in a closed loop. What is left is a concentrated calendula extract, at least 15% volatile oil, with under 0.1 g/kg residue.

Composition profile

The compound fingerprint

Principal constituents identified by GC-MS, each above 1%. The soothing bisabolone oxides lead, alongside the green terpenes, while the heavier carotenoids and faradiol-type esters carry calendula's skincare value and its colour.

a-Bisabolone oxide
8.3%
beta-Farnesene
8.1%
beta-Pinene
7.9%
a-Bisabolone oxide A
7.3%
a-Pinene
6.8%
gamma-Cadinene
5.5%
p-Cymene
5.4%
gamma-Terpinene
5.1%
0%4%6%8%+

Faradiol-type esters and carotenoids carry calendula's soothing, antioxidant character and its warm colour. Other extractables present. Per-batch GC-MS report available on request.

Specification

BMar-15.1 at a glance

Identity & origin

Botanical nameCalendula officinalis L.
Plant partFlowers
OriginBulgaria
Product codeBMar-15.1
CAS No.84776-23-8
EINECS No.283-949-5

Production

MethodLiquefied-gas extraction
TemperatureBelow 25 °C
SolventFood-grade (Dir. 97/60/EC)
Solvent residue< 0.1 g/kg
StandardisationDeclared volatile oil
Concentration1 kg ≈ 100-140 kg flowers

Physical

AppearanceRed-orange viscous liquid
Volatile oil15-20% v/w (ASTA)
INCI nameCalendula Officinalis Flower Extract
Density995-1059 g/l
Refractive index1.49-1.53
Acid value19.8-43.1 mg KOH/g

Solubility & output

In oilsFully soluble
In 40% alcoholPartial
In waterInsoluble
Flash point> 100 °C
ContainerLined aluminium bottle
Shelf life2 years

Why calendula, why cold

A soothing flower, captured whole

A concentrated bloom

Calendula officinalis, Bulgaria

Plant partFlowers, milled
Flowers per kg extract~100-140 kg
Volatile oil≥ 15% v/w
AntioxidantDPPH IC50 10.32 mg/ml

Captured cold

Versus heat-based methods

Soothing terpenoidsPreserved
Carotenoid colourRetained
Process temperature< 25 °C
Skin-friendly activesIntact

Applications

What you can make

Soothing skincare Balms & creams Sensitive & after-sun Serums & facial oils Baby & barrier care Natural cosmetics

This calendula extract is for cosmetic use, not for food. It can be used concentrated or diluted in a carrier oil, with typical filling rates of 0.1 to 0.3% in the finished formula. Like all our extracts it is a raw material for formulation, not for direct or undiluted use.

Why the COMERG line

Built for delicate actives like calendula

Calendula's value is in soothing terpenoids and carotenoids that heat and oxygen can degrade. Our line is engineered around protecting exactly that kind of gentle, skin-friendly chemistry.

Room temperatureR134a aerosol extraction works cold and at low pressure, so the soothing actives and the carotenoid colour are never cooked off.
Protects the activesThe bisabolol-family terpenoids and faradiol esters behind calendula's calm come through intact, not heat-damaged.
Fully automatedClosed-loop systems run the cycle for you, so results stay consistent and one operator can handle the line.
Fast cycles, high yieldLow-pressure extraction is quick and recovers up to 97% of the flower's compounds, more than older high-pressure CO2 lines.
Scales with youFrom a 10 l pilot unit to 2000 l production, the same method grows from R&D batches to full output.
Clean and economicalIt uses around 85% less energy than solvent methods and needs no special hazardous-location facility.

Why it wins

Compared to the alternatives

Against steam distillation, solvent and CO2, cold R134a extraction keeps more of calendula's soothing actives and its golden colour.

FeatureCOMERG R134aSteam distillationSolventCO₂ supercritical
Process temperature< 25 °C (room temp)100-150 °C40-70 °C31-80 °C
Soothing activesPreservedPartly degradedMostly keptMostly kept
Carotenoid colourRetainedFaded by heatRetainedRetained
Compound recoveryup to 97%70-85%80-90%85-92%
Solvent residue< 0.1 g/kgNoneNeeds post-purgeNone
Energy use85% less vs solventHighMedium-highVery high
Special facilityNot requiredNot requiredRequiredHigh-pressure safety

From flower to extract

The machines for calendula

A complete COMERG line takes calendula from fresh flower to a finished extract. These are the core stages, each available as standalone equipment.

View all equipment
Product specificationFull composition, properties, packaging and handling for calendula extract BMar-15.1.
Download PDF

Questions

Calendula extraction, explained

A 100% natural calendula flower extract from Calendula officinalis, product code BMar-15.1. It reaches at least 15% volatile oil, rich in soothing terpenoids and carotenoids, with no additives.

Liquefied food-grade gas extraction at room temperature, below 25 °C, and low pressure. Because there is no high heat, the delicate skin-friendly compounds are preserved and solvent residue stays below 0.1 g/kg.

Calendula's soothing terpenoids and its carotenoid colour are sensitive to heat and oxidation. Cold R134a extraction concentrates them gently, so the extract keeps its skincare value and its warm golden tone.

Roughly 1 kg of extract represents around 100 to 140 kg of calendula flowers.

No. This calendula extract is for cosmetic use, not for food. Typical filling rates are 0.1 to 0.3% in the finished formula, and it is not intended for direct consumption or undiluted use.

Yes. The same cold process runs from a 10 l pilot unit to 2000 l production systems, so you can start small and grow without changing method.

Yes. A per-batch GC-MS analysis is available on request, and a Safety Data Sheet per 2006/1907/EC is supplied with the product.

Set up your calendula line

Tell us your throughput and target product. We will recommend the right system, share a yield estimate for your calendula flowers, and reply with pricing and lead time, usually within 48 hours.

COMERG extracts are raw materials for product formulation. They are not intended for direct consumption or for undiluted topical application in cosmetics, perfumery or aromatherapy. This information is provided to the best of our knowledge and is not a substitute for prior testing of suitability for the intended use. Keep away from children.

The calendula line

Equipment for processing calendula

The machines below make up the calendula line, the equipment that takes the flower through to a finished extract. Request a quote on any unit and we will reply with pricing and lead time.

  • 5L Fully Automated Compound Remediation System

    5L Fully Automated Compound Remediation System

    A bench-scale system that refines a finished botanical extract, selectively removing unwanted constituents at room temperature while preserving the aromatics and actives.

  • 6" SS Wiped Film Distillation System

    6″ SS Wiped Film Distillation System

    A stainless-steel short-path wiped film system that distills and purifies heat-sensitive botanical fractions in seconds under deep vacuum, with no thermal damage.

  • Automated Vape Cartridge Filling Machine

    Automated Vape Cartridge Filling Machine

    A compact automated filler for viscous botanical oils, with a heated mixer, jacketed feed and temperature-controlled nozzle for clean, bubble-free 0.3-3 mL doses.

  • Dual-Cut Botanical Harvester

    Dual-Cut Botanical Harvester

    A tractor-towed harvester that cuts flowering tops and stalks in a single pass, feeding a self-unloading 5 m³ bunker at up to 2 hectares per hour.

  • EtOH Fully Automated Ethanol Extraction System

    EtOH Fully Automated Ethanol Extraction System

    A scalable 20-1000L ethanol platform that washes botanicals with chilled food-grade ethanol and recovers the solvent in a closed loop for clean, full-spectrum extracts.

  • Gas Chromatography Analysis System

    Gas Chromatography Analysis System

    A compact benchtop GC-FID analyser with a built-in hydrogen generator and dual columns for fast, low-cost potency, aroma-profile and residual-solvent testing.

  • Mold & Yeast Remediation System

    Mold & Yeast Remediation System

    A low-pressure decontamination system that removes mold, yeast and microbial load from botanical material and extracts at room temperature, with no heat or irradiation.

  • SHW 120L Subcritical Hot Water Extraction System

    SHW 120L Subcritical Hot Water Extraction System

    A solvent-free 120L production system that extracts polar, water-soluble compounds with pressurised hot water, delivering both a concentrated extract and an aromatic water.

  • SHW 60L Subcritical Hot Water Extraction System

    SHW 60L Subcritical Hot Water Extraction System

    A solvent-free 60L system that extracts polar, water-soluble compounds with pressurised hot water, yielding both a concentrated extract and a fragrant aromatic water.

  • Stick & Seed Separation System

    Stick & Seed Separation System

    A sifting and air-separation line that sorts dried botanical biomass into three clean fractions – flower and leaf, stalk, and seed – ready for extraction or sale.